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Common Medical
Abbreviations

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I-J, K-L M, N, O, P-Q, R, S, T, U-Z

Abbreviation
Meaning
A
A/a Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient
AAA Abdominal aortic aneurysm
AB / ab Abortion
ABCs Airway, breathing, circulation
ABG Arterial blood gas
ABO A system of classifying blood groups
AC Abdominal Circumference
AC Acromioclavicular
a.c. Before meals
ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme
ACL Anterior cruciate ligament
ACLS Advanced Cardiac Life Support
ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticotropin
AD Alzheimer's dementia or disease
ADH Antidiuretic hormone
ADL Activities of daily living
ad lib As desired
AFB Acid-fast bacilli
A-fib Atrial fibrillation
AFL Atrial flutter
AFP Alpha-fetoprotein
AFV Amniotic fluid volume
AI Amnioinfusion
AI Artificial Insemination
AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AKA Above knee amputation
ALL Acute lymphocytic leukemia
ALT Alanine aminotransferase
AMA Against medical advice
AST Aspartate aminotransferase
ANA Antinuclear antibody
AP Anteroposterior
A&P Anterior and posterior
A&P Auscultation and percussion
appy Appendectomy
APTT Activated partial thromboplastin
AQ Water
ARC AIDS-related complex
ARDS Adult respiratory distress syndrome
ARF Acute renal failure
ASAP As soon as possible
ASHD Atherosclerotic heart disease
ASO Antistreptolysin-O
ATN Acute tubular necrosis
ATNC Atraumatic, normocephalic
AV Arteriovenous, atrioventricular
AVB Atrioventricular block
AVM Arteriovenous malformation
AVN Atrioventricular node
AVR Aortic valve replacement
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B
B12 Vitamin B12
Bact Bacteriology
BBT Basal body temperature
BE Barium enema
BHCG Beta human chorionic gonadotropin
b.i.d. Twice a day
BKA Below knee amputation
BLS Basic life support
BMR Basal metabolic rate
BP Blood pressure
BPAD Bipolar affective disorder
BPD Biparietal diameter
BPH Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Bpm Beats per minute
BSA Body surface area
BSO Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
BUN Blood urea nitrogen
BV Bacterial vaginosis
BVH Biventricular hypertrophy
BX, Bx Biopsy
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C
C Celsius, centigrade, complement
c* With
C1-9 Cervical vertebrae 1-9
C-section Cesarean section
C-spine Cervical spine
Ca Calcium
CA, Ca, ca Cancer, carcinoma
CAB Coronary artery bypass
CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting
CAD Coronary artery disease
Caps Capsules
CAT Computerized axial tomography (CAT Scan)
CAV Cytoxan, adrimycin, and vincristine
CBC Complete blood count
CC, C.C. Chief complaint
cc Cubic centimeter
CCE Clubbing, cyanosis, or edema
CCU Coronary care unit
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen
CF Cystic fibrosis
cg Centigram
CHF Congestive heart failure
Chol Cholesterol
CK Creatine kinase
Cl Chloride, chlorine
CLL Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
cm Centimeter
CMC Carpometacarpal
CMG Cystometrogram
CMV Cytomegalovirus
CNS Central nervous system
CO Carbon monoxide, cardiac output
CO2 Carbon dioxide
COMP Compound
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP Continuous positive airway pressure
CPD Cephalopelvic disproportion
CPK Creatine phosphokinase
CPM Continuous passive motion
CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, C-reactive protein
Cr Creatinine
CRF Chronic renal failure
CRP C-reactive protein
C&S Culture and sensitivity
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid
CT Computed tomography
CTR Carpal tunnel release
CTS Carpal tunnel syndrome
cu Cubic
CV Cardiovascular
CVA Cerebrovascular accident
CVA Costovertabral angle
CVD Cerebrovascular disease
CVP Central venous pressure
CVS Cardiovascular system
c/w Consistent with
CXR Chest x-ray film or radiograph
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D
D&C Dilatation and curettage
DBP Diastolic blood pressure
DC Discharge
DC Discontinue
DDD Degenerative disc disease
DDI, ddI Dideoxyinosine, didanosine
defib Defibrillation
DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation
DIFF, diff Differential blood count
DIP Distal interphalangeal
DISH Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis
DJD Degenerative joint disease
dl Decliter (100 ml)
DM Diabetes mellitus
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DO Doctor of osteopathy
DOB Date of birth
DP Dorsalis pedis
DPT Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (toxoids/vaccine)
DT Delirium tremens
DTR Deep tendon reflex
DS Double strength
DSA Digital subtraction angiography
DVT Deep venous thrombosis
D/W Dextrose in water
DX, Dx, dx Diagnosis
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E
EBL Estimated blood loss
ECF Extracellular fluid
ECG Electrocardiogram
ECHO Echocardiogram
ED Emergency department
EDC Estimated date of confinement
EEG Electroencephalogram
EF Ejection fraction
EFW Estimated fetal weight
EGA Estimated gestational age
EGD Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
EKG Electrocardiogram
EMG Electromyogram
ENT Ear, nose, and throat
EOM Extraocular muscle
EOMI Extraocular muscles intact
ER Emergency Room
ERA Estroadiol receptor assay
ERCP Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ET Endotracheal
Exc Excision
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F
F Fahrenheit
FB Foreign body
FBS Fasting blood sugar
FCD Fibrocystic disease
FDA Food and Drug Administration
Fe Iron
FEF Forced expiratory flow
FFP Fresh frozen plasma
FL Femur length
FH Family history
FHR Fetal heart rate
FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone
ft Foot, feet, (measure)
F/U Follow-up (study, exam, test, care)
FUO Fever of undetermined origin
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G
G Gravida
g, gm Gram
gastroc Gastrocnemius
GBS Group B Streptococcus bacteria, or group B streptococcal infection
GC Gonococcus
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale
GCT Glucose challenge test
GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus
GE Gastroenterology
GE Gastroesophageal
GERD Gasatroesophageal reflux disease
GFR Glomerular filtration rate
GI Gastrointestinal
GP General practitioner
G6PD Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Gr Grain
gt, gtt Drop, drops
GTT Glucose tolerance test
GU Genitourinary
GXT Graded exercise stress test
GYN, gyn Gynecology
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H
H&H Hemoglobin and hematocrit
H&P History and physical
Hb Hemoglobin
HC Head circumference
HCG Human chorionic gonadotropin
HCI Hydrochloric acid, hydrochloride
HCO3 Bicarbonate
HCT Hematocrit
HDL High-density lipoprotein
HDN Hemolytic disease of the newborn
HEENT Head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
Hg Mercury
Hgb Hemoglobin
HGH Human growth hormone
HI Hemagglutination inhibition
HIDA Hepato-iminodiacetic acid
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
HJR Hepatojugular reflex
HLA Human leukocyte antigen
HMD Hyaline membrane disease
HMG Human menopausal gonadotropin
HNP Herniated nucleus pulposus
h/o History of
HPI History of present illness
HR Heart rate
Hr Hour
HRT Hormone replacement therapy
h.s. At bedtime, hour of sleep
HSV Herpes simplex virus
ht, Ht Height
HTN Hypertension
Hx History
Hz Hertz (cycles per second)
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I-J
I&D Incision and drainage
I&O Intake and output
IAC Internal auditory canal
IABP Intra-aortic balloon pump
ICF Intracellular fluid
ICP Intracranial pressure
ICS Intercostal space
ICU Intensive care unit
ID Infectious disease
IDDM Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
IgA Immunoglobulin A
IgD Immunoglobulin
IgE Immunoglobulin
IgG Immunoglobulin
IgM Immunoglobulin
IHSS Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
IJ Internal jugular
ILD Interstitial lung disease
IM Intramuscular
IN Intranasally
inf Inferior
inj Inject
IO Intraosseous
IP Interphalangeal
IPPB Intermittent positive-pressure breathing
IT Iliotibial
IU International unit
IUD Intrauterine device
IUGR Intrauterine growth retardation
IUP Intrauterine pregnancy
I.V. Intravenous
IVP Intravenous pyelogram
IVU Intravenous urography
JRA Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
JVD Jugular venous distention
JVP Jugular venous pressure
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K-L
K, K1 Potassium
kcal Kilocalorie (food calorie)
kg kilogram
17-KGS 17-ketogenic steriods
17-KS 17-ketosteroids
KO Keep open
KOH Potassium hydroxide
KS Kaposi's sarcoma
KUB Kidneys, ureters, and bladder
K-wire Kirschner wire
l Liter
L1-5 Lumbar vertebrae 1-5
L-spine Lumbar spine
LAD Left anterior descending (coronary artery)
lap Laparotomy / laparoscopic
lat Lateral
LAO Left anterior oblique
lb Pound
LBBB Left bundle branch block
LCA Left coronary artery
LDH Lactate dyhdrogenase
LDL Low-density lopoprotein
LE Lupus erythematosus
LFT Liver function test
LGA Large for gestational age
LGI Lower GI (gastrointestinal)
LH Luteinizing hormone
LICA Left internal carotid artery
LIMA Left internal mammary artery
LLL Left lower lobe
LLQ Left lower quadrant
LMP Last menstrual period
LOC Loss of consciousness
LP Lumbar puncture
LPA Left pulmonary artery
LR Lactated Ringer's
LS Lumbosacral
L/S Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (ratio)
lt Left
LUQ Left upper quadrant
LV Left ventricle
LVH Left ventricular hypertrophy
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M
M Molar
m Meter, minim
MAO Monoamine oxidase
MCH Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
mCi Millicurie
MCHC Meancorpuscular hemoglobin concentration
MCP Metacarpophalangeal
MCV Mean corpuscular volume
MD Medical doctor, muscular dystrophy
MDD Major depressive disorder
MDI Metered dose inhaler
MEE Middle ear effusion
mm Millimicron (nanometer)
mEq Millequivalent
min Minute
Mg Magnesium
mg Milligram
mg Microgram
MI Myocardial infarction
ml Milliliter
m Micron
m l Microliter
mm Millimeter
mM Millimole
m m Micrometer, micron
mmol Millimole
m mol Micromole
MMR Measles-mumps-rubella (vaccine)
mo Month
mol wt Molecular weight
mOsm Milliosmole
m Osm Micro-osmole
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
MS Multiple sclerosis, morphine sulfate
MSAFP Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein
MSH Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
MTP Metatarsaophalangeal
MUGA Multigated acquisition (scanning)
MVP Mitral valve prolaspe
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N
N&V Nausea and vomiting
N Nitrogen, normal (strength of solution)
Na Sodium
NaCl Sodium chloride
NAD No acute distress
NCAT Normocephalic, atraumatic
ng Nanogram (millimmicron)
NG Nasogastric
NGT Nasogastric tube
NHL Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
NICU Neonatal intensive care unit
NIDDM Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
NKDA No known drug allergies
NPO Nothing by mouth
NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
NSVD Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery
NTD Neural tube defect
NTG Nitroglycerin
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O
O2 Oxygen
O&P Ova and parasites
OA Osteoarthritis
OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder
OCP Oral contraceptive pill
O.D. Right eye
O.S. Left eye
OB Obstetrics
Ob-GYN Obstetrics and gynecology
OCG Oral cholecystogram
17-OHCS 17-hydroxcorticosteroids
OM Otitis media
OMB Obtuse marginal branch
OPV Oral poliovirus
OR Operating room
ORIF Open reduction, internal fixation
OT Occupational therapy
OTC Over the counter (drug that requires no prescription)
oz Ounce
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P-Q
P Phosphorus, pressure, pulse, para
PA Posteroanterior
PAC Premature atrial contraction
PaCO2 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
PaO2 Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
Pap Papanicolaou smear
p.c. After meals
PCO2 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
PCL Posterior cruciate ligament
PCN Penicillin
PCP Pneumocystis pneumonia
PE Physical examination
PO2 Partial pressure of oxygen
PD Parkinson's disease
PE Pulmonary embolism
peds Pediatrics
PEFR Peak expiratory flow rate
Perrla Puplis equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
PFTs Pulmonary function tests
pg Picogram (micromicrogram)
PICU Pediatric intensive care unit
PIH Pregnancy-induced hypertension
pH Hydrogen ion concentration
PID Pelvic inflammatory disease
PIP Proximal interphalangeal
PKU Phenylketonuria
plt Platelet
PMI Point of maximal impulse
PMS Premenstrual syndrome
PND Paroxyomal nocturnal dyspnea
P.O. By mouth
POD Postoperative day
PPD Purified protein derivative (of tuberculin)
ppm Parts per million
PR Per rectum
p.r.n. As needed, whenever necessary
Pro time Prothrombin time
PSA Prostate specific antigen
psi Pounds persquare inch
PT Physical therapy / prothrombin time
PTCA Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder
PTH Parathyroid horomone
PTL Premature labor
PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder
PTT Partial thromboplastin time
PUD Peptic ulcer disease
PVC Premature ventricular contraction
q Every
q.d. Every day
q.h. Every hour
q2h Every 2 hours
q4h Every 4 hours
q.i.d. Four times a day
q.o.d. Every other day (tertio quoque die)
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R
R Respirations, roentgen
RA Rheumatoid arthritis
RAD Right anterior descending
RAO Right anterior oblique
RAIU Radioactive iodine uptake
RBBB Right bundle branch block
RBC Red blood cell
RCA Right coronary artery
REM Rapid eye movement
RF Rheumatic fever, rheumatoid factor
RF Renal failure
RFI Renal failure index
Rh Rhesus blood factor
Rh neg. (Rh-) Rhesus factor negative
Rh pos. (Rh+) Rhesus factor positive
RIND Reversible ischemic neurologic deficit
RLQ Right lower quadrant
RMSF Rocky Mountain spotted fever
RN Registered nurse
RNA Ribonucleic acid
R/O Rule out
ROM Range of motion (of joint)
RSD Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
RSI Rapid-sequence intubation
RSV Respiratory syncytial virus
RUQ Right uper quadrant
RVMI Right ventricular myocardial infarction
Rx Prescription
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S
s* Without
SAB Spontaneous abortion
SAH Subarachnoid hemorrhage
SaO2 Systemic arterial oxygen saturation (%)
SBE Subacute bacterial endocarditis
SBP Systolic blood pressure
S.C., SQ, subq Subcutaneous
sec Second
sed rate Sedimentation rate
SG Swan-Ganz (catheter)
SGA Small for gestational age
SGOT Serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (see AST)
SGPT Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (see ALT)
SHEENT Skin, head, eyes, ears, nose, & throat
SI International System of Units
SI Sacroiliac
SICU Surgical intensive care unit
SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
SIDS Sudden infant death syndrome
SK Streptokinase
SL Sublingual
SLE Systemic lupus erythmatosus
SOB Short of breath
spec Specimen
sp gr Specific gravity
SQ Subcutaneous
SR Slow release
S&S Signs and symptoms
ss* One-half
SS Single strength
stat Immediately
STD Sexually transmitted disease
subq Subcutaneous
SVC Superior vena cava
sx Symptoms
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T
T Temperature
T1-12 Thoracic vertebrae 1-12
T-spine Thoracic spine
T&A Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TAB Therapeutic abortion
TAH Total abdominal hysterectomy
TAH-BSO Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
Tabs Tablets
TB Tuberculosis
TBSA Total body surface area
T&C Type and crossmatch
temp. Temperature
TEE Transesophageal echocardiography
TENS Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
TFT Thyroid function test
TG Triglycerides
TIA Transient ischemic attach
TIBS Total iron-binding capacity
t.i.d. Three times a day
TKA Total knee arthroplasty
TM Tympanic membrane
TMJ Temporomandibular joint
TORCHS Toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, syphilis (infection)
TPA Tissue plasminogen activator
TPN Total parenteral nutrition
TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations
TRH Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH Thyroid-stimulating hormone
tsp Teaspoon
TURB Transurethral resection of the bladder
TURP Transurethral resection of the prostate
TVH Total vaginal hysterectomy
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U-Z
UA Urinalysis
UC Ulcerative colitis
UGI Upper gastrointestinal (tract)
ung Ointment
U/P Urine-to-plasma ratio
UPJ Ureteropelvic junction
URI Upper respiratory infection
U/S Ultrasound, ultrasonogram, ultrasonography
USPHS United States Public Health Service
UTI Urinary tract infection
UV Ultraviolet (radiation); B refers to the shorter-wave, more damaging range
VDRL Veneral Disease Research Laboratory
V-fib Ventricular fibrillation
V-tach Ventricular tachycardia
VBAC Vaginal birth after cesarean
VCUG Voiding cystourethrogram
VP Ventriculoperitoneal
VS Vital signs
VSD Ventricular septal defect
VT Ventricular septal defect
VT Ventricular tachycardia
UTI Urinary tract infection
WBC White blood cell
WHO World Health Organization
Wt Weight
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